Often the issues that affect people with cognitive and learning disabilities include:

• design,
• context,
• structure,
• language,
• usability, and
• other factors that are difficult to include in general guidelines.

As a user with impaired executive functioning and attention impairments, I want media presented in small chunks of understandable content, so that I can understand the main points and not lose focus.

As a user with a language or communication impairment, dyslexia, or an impaired memory, I want a page layout that helps me follow and understand the content without getting overwhelmed.

• I need small or short chunks of content, sections, or boxes.
• I need a good use of white space, so that the chunks are clear and the page does not get overwhelming.

1. Help Users Focus
   • Reduce distractions: avoid unnecessary animations, pop-ups, or clutter.
   • Use clear headings, breadcrumbs, or progress indicators to help users reorient if they get lost.
   • Provide ways to undo mistakes easily.
2. Minimise Memory Load
   • Don’t rely on users remembering complex sequences (e.g., long passwords, multi-step voice menus).
   • Give visible options and reminders instead of hidden or memory-based interactions.
3. Support Adaptation & Personalization
   • Allow users to customize their experience (font size, color schemes, layout).
   • Don’t block assistive tools or browser add-ons — these help neurodivergent users interact more effectively.
4. Clear, Consistent Structure
   • Use well-spaced, highlighted headings and consistent layout.
   • Clear structure helps users follow content and reduces the chance of losing focus.
5. Chunk Information
   • Break content into small, digestible sections.
   • Use lists, short paragraphs, and clear labels to make scanning easier.